Emulsions PDF Notes

 Emulsions

Emulsion is ‘defined’ as biphasic liquid dosage form containing a mixture of oil and water and addition of emulsifying agent or emergent to product emulsion.

Classification of Emulsion

 A) According to the mode of dispersion:-

1) O/W (Oil in water)- oil is an internal phase. Water is external phase ex- milk consists of liquid fat particles dispersed in water.

2) W/O (Water in oil)- Water is an internal phase.oil is external phase. Emulsion of water in oil

Disperse phase is water and the dispersion medium is oil. For example, cod liver oil consists of particles of water dispersed in oil.

B) According to Physical Properties

1) Liquid emulsion-usually O/W type and used parenterally orally and externally.

2) Semi solid emulsion- this type of emulsion used for external purpose.

C) According to partical size:-

1) Coarse emulsion

2) Micro emulsion

3) Fine emulsion

Type of emulsion:-

1) Water in Oil emulsion (W/O):- In these emulsion rufer to water in oil. If the dispersed phase in water and dispersion medium is oil

2) Oil in water emulsion (O/W):- These type of emulsion rufer to water oil in oil water in these dispersed phases is oil and dispersion medium is water.

Formulation of emulsions:- Following  ingredients are included in the formulation of emulsion.

1) Oil phase: –This phase medicament or vehicle is made up of fixed oil mineral oil, volatile oil or also resin type that is used for preparation of emulsion.

2) Aqueous phase: –Due to increased risk of microbial contamination freshly boiled and cooled purified water are used.

3) Antioxidant: –It prevents the oil form getting oxidizing during Its shelf like hence It enhance the stability of the oil phase in the emulsion.

4) Flavoring agent: –It enhances the palatability of the final product pineapple, orange, chocolate, and mint flavors are commonly used.

5) Colouring Agent: –It is used for identifying the preparation and enhancing its aesthetic appeal. Erythrosine tartrazine etc. Colors approved by the food Drug and cosmetic act are used as Colouring Agent.

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