Pharmaceutical Industries and Education in India
Pharmaceutical Industries and Education in India
Learning objectives
At the end of this lecture, the student will be able to:
Explain the growth of pharmaceutical industries in India
Discuss the growth of pharmaceutical eduaction in India
The Indian Pharmaceutical Industry
} The Indian pharmaceuticals industry has grown from a mere $0.3billion in 1980, to $12 billion in 2012.
} Branded generics dominate the market, making up 70-80% of it.
} The local companies enjoy a dominant position due to their development capabilities and early investment, as from 1970 to 2005, Indian law only recognized process patents and not product patents, which many companies took advantage of.
} The price of drugs is very low, due to intense competition. While India is 10thglobally in terms of value, it is 3rd in term of volume of drugs produced.
The Indian Set-Up
} The Indian pharmaceutical sector is highly fragmented, with more than 20,000 registered companies, with the top 250 companies controlling 70% of the market. These companies can currently meet about 70% of the countries demands for drugs; this is mainly through the Maharashtra and Gujarat regions, which account for 45% of the total number of pharmaceutical manufacturing units in India.
SWOT Analysis of Indian Pharmaceutical Industry
| Strengths | Weaknesses | Opportunities | Threats |
| • Low cost skilled manpower • Access to large pool of highly trained scientists • Strong marketing and distribution network • Proven track record in design of high technology manufacturing devices • Low cost of innovation, manufacturing and operations | • Stringent pricing regulations • Poor transport and medical infrastructure • Lack of data protection • Competitive environment • Poor health insurance coverage • Production of low quality drugs tarnishes image of industry abroad • Low investment in innovative R&D | • Increase in per capita income • Global demand for generics rising • Increasing population with more inactive lifestyle • Increasing health insurance sector • Significant investment from MNCs • Medical tourism • Cheap, diverse clinical trials • Global outsourcing hub due to low cost of skilled labor | • Other low cost countries affecting demand • Government regulations ever changing • Expanding of Drugs Price Control Order • Lack of investment in infrastructure • Wage inflation • R&D restricted by lack of animal testing and outdated patient office • Counterfeiting threat |
Growth Factors for Indian Market
} Population Growth
} Socio Economic Changes and Urbanization
} Increasing acceptability of modern medicine
} More affordable drugs
} More accessibility to drugs and medical care
} Cheap production cost
} Government regulations targeting growth and competitive market
} Contract R&D
} Medical Tourism
Key Players
| Company | Net Sales (30th July 2013 $Bn) | Employees |
| Cipla | 1.39 | 20,000 |
| Dr Reddy’s Laboratories | 1.14 | 16,300 |
| Ranbaxy Labs | 1.07 | 14,600 |
| Aurobindo Pharma | 0.92 | 8,635 |
| Lupin Ltd | 0.91 | 11,355 |
| Sun Pharma | 0.68 | 11,200 |
| Novartis India | 0.14 | 4,500 (115,000 Worldwide) |
International Players
| Company | Net Sales (2012 $ Bn) | Employees |
| Johnson & Johnson (USA) | 67.2 | 117,000 |
| Pfizer (USA) | 58.9 | 91,000 |
| Novartis (Switzerland) | 56.7 | 115,000 |
| Roche (Switzerland) | 47.8 | 80,000 |
| Merck (USA) | 47.3 | 86,000 |
| Sanofi (French) | 46.4 | 113,000 |
| GlaxoSmithKline (UK) | 39.9 | 97,000 |
Pharmacy Education
Early Pharmacy Education
Ø 1860 – Madras Medical College – Method of making up prescriptions and compounding – 2 year Diploma in Pharmacy
Ø 1937- Andhra University, Visakhapatnam
Ø Compounder Courses in Bengal, Mumbai, UP
Modern Pharmacy Education
Ø 1934 – BHU, Varanasi – B.Pharm – Prof. M.L. Schroff – Father of Modern Pharmacy Education in India
Ø Andhra University, Visakhapatnam
Ø Nagpur University
Ø Madras Medical College
Ø Dept. of Chemical Technology, University of Bombay
Ø Punjab University
Ø BITS, Pilani
Ø University of Saugar
Post Graduate Pharmacy Education
Ø 1940 – BHU, Varanasi – M.Pharm
Ø Andhra University, Visakhapatnam
Ø Nagpur University
Ø Madras Medical College
Ø Dept. of Chemical Technology, University of Bombay
Ø Punjab University
Ø BITS, Pilani
Ø University of Saugar
Ø S.M.S. Medical College Jaipur
Ø L.M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad
Present Scenario in Pharmacy Education
Ø D.PHARM
Ø M.PHARM
Ø PHARM.D
Ø PHARM.D – POST BACCLAURATE
Ø Ph.D
Regulatory Bodies in Pharmacy Education
v Pharmacy Council of India (PCI)
v All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE)
Research Institutes
National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)
Ø Mohali
Ø Hyderabad
Ø Rae Bareilly
Ø Guwahati
Ø Ahmedabad
Ø Hajipur
Ø Kolkatta
Future institutes
National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Visakhapatnam
National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Nagpur
National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jhalawar
National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Chhattisgarh
National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram
Career Options for Pharmacists
Ø Research & Development - Chemist/Chemical Engineer/Pharmacologist: In new drug discovery, Process development, F&D,Clinical Trials, Bioequivalance study,Toxicological study, analytical testing
Ø Production & Manufacturing - Production &Analytical Chemist/Q.C.Chemist/Q.A.Officer
Ø Marketing - Marketing Exec.- M.R. involve in pharma sales & supply.
Retail &Hospital Pharmacy - In dispensing & store magt.
Ø Academic - Faculty in pharmacy institute involve in teaching, training & research
Ø Regulatory - In Govt. &Private sector involve in DRA,IPR such as copy right, trademarks etc
Ø Clinical Trials – Pharmacovigilance, drug safety associate, medical writing, medical coding
Summary
} The local companies enjoy a dominant position due to their development capabilities and early investment, as from 1970 to 2005, Indian law only recognized process patents and not product patents
} The price of drugs is very low, due to intense competition. While India is 10th globally in terms of value, it is 3rdin term of volume of drugs produced
} Population Growth
} Socio Economic Changes and Urbanization
} Increasing acceptability of modern medicine
} More affordably drugs
} More accessibility to drugs and medical care
} Cheap production cost
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