Factors affecting enzyme activity

 

1. Concentration of enzyme:-

As the concentration of enzyme is Increased, The velocity of the Reaction also proportionally Increases:

Ex:- This property is used to determine the serum enzymes for the diagnosis of diseases.

2. Concentration of substrate:-

As the substrate concentration increases gradually the Enzyme Reaction also

Increases but upto limited Range after that it becomes constant.

3. Effect of temperature:-

Velocity of an Enzyme Reaction Increases with Increase in Temperature upto a maximum and then declines. A Bell shaped Curve is usually observed. The optimum temperature for most of the enzyme is between 400c-450C.

When the Enzyme are Exposed to a Temperature above 50⁰c denaturation will take place.  Majority of the Enzymes Become inactive at higher Temperature above700c.

4. Effect of ph:-

Each enzyme has an optimum PH at which the velocity is maximum.  Below and above this pH, The Enzyme activity is much lower and at Extreme pH, The Enzyme Becomes Totally Inactive. Most the Enzymes shows optimum activity around Neutral pH (6-8).

5. Effect of inhibitors:-

Presence of enzyme inhibitors reduces the enzyme action.

Heavy metals, are the inhibitors for enzyme activity.

6. Enzyme activators:-

Presence of activators in certain concentration increases the enzyme activity i.e. cysteine HCL increases the proteolytic activity of papain.

7. Effect of time:-

Under Ideal and optimal conditions the time required for an Enzyme Reaction is less.

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