PHARMACEUTICAL INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - B. Pharma 1st Semester Notes

BP104T. PHARMACEUTICAL INORGANIC CHEMISTRY (Theory)

Scope: This subject deals with the monographs of inorganic drugs and pharmaceuticals.

Objectives: Upon completion of course student shall be able to know the sources of impurities and methods to determine the impurities in inorganic drugs and pharmaceuticals understand the medicinal and pharmaceutical importance of inorganic compounds

Course Content:

UNIT I

Impurities in pharmaceuticalsubstances: History of Pharmacopoeia, Sources and types of impurities, principle involved in the limit test for Chloride, Sulphate, Iron, Arsenic, Lead and Heavy metals, modified limit test for Chloride and Sulphate

General methods of preparation, assay for the compounds superscripted with asterisk (*), properties and medicinal uses of inorganic compounds belonging to the following classes

UNIT II

Acids, Bases and Buffers: Buffer equations and buffer capacity in general, buffers in pharmaceutical systems, preparation, stability, buffered isotonic solutions, measurements of tonicity, calculations and methods of adjusting isotonicity.

Major extra and intracellular electrolytes: Functions of major physiological ions, Electrolytes used in the replacement therapy: Sodium chloride*, Potassium chloride, Calcium gluconate* and Oral Rehydration Salt (ORS), Physiological acid base balance.

Dental products: Dentifrices, role of fluoride in the treatment of dental caries, Desensitizing agents, Calcium carbonate, Sodium fluoride, and Zinc eugenol cement.

UNIT III

Gastrointestinal agents

Acidifiers: Ammonium chloride* and Dil. HCl

Antacid: Ideal properties of antacids, combinations of antacids, Sodium Bicarbonate*, Aluminum hydroxide gel, Magnesium hydroxide mixture

Cathartics: Magnesium sulphate, Sodium orthophosphate, Kaolin and Bentonite

Antimicrobials:Mechanism, classification, Potassium permanganate, Boric acid, Hydrogen peroxide*, Chlorinated lime*, Iodine and its preparations

UNIT IV

Miscellaneous compounds

Expectorants:Potassium iodide, Ammonium chloride*. Emetics: Copper sulphate*, Sodium potassium tartarate Haematinics: Ferrous sulphate*, Ferrous gluconate

Poison and Antidote:Sodium thiosulphate*, Activated charcoal, Sodium nitrite333

Astringents: Zinc Sulphate, Potash Alum

UNIT V

Radiopharmaceuticals:Radio activity, Measurement of radioactivity, Properties of α, β, γ radiations, Half-life, radio isotopes and study of radio isotopes - Sodium iodide I131, Storage conditions,   precautions & pharmaceutical application of radioactive substances.

BP110P. PHARMACEUTICAL INORGANIC CHEMISTRY (Practical)

I Limit tests for following ions

Limit test for Chlorides and Sulphates

Modified limit test for Chlorides and Sulphates

Limit test for Iron

Limit test for Heavy metals

Limit test for Lead

Limit test for Arsenic

II Identification test

Magnesium hydroxide

Ferrous sulphate

Sodium bicarbonate

Calcium gluconate

Copper sulphate

III Test for purity

Swelling power of Bentonite

Neutralizing capacity of aluminum hydroxide gel

Determination of potassium iodate and iodine in potassium Iodide

IV Preparation of inorganic pharmaceuticals

Boric acid Potash alum Ferrous sulphate

Recommended Books (Latest Editions)

1. A.H. Beckett & J.B. Stenlake's, Practical Pharmaceutical Chemistry Vol I & II, Stahlone Press of University of London, 4th edition.

2. A.I. Vogel, Text Book of Quantitative Inorganic analysis

3. P. Gundu Rao, Inorganic Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 3rd Edition

4. M.L Schroff, Inorganic Pharmaceutical Chemistry

5. Bentley and Driver's Textbook of Pharmaceutical Chemistry

6. Anand & Chatwal, Inorganic Pharmaceutical Chemistry

7. Indian Pharmacopoeia